Posted inArts & Culture

Happy Twosday! Why numbers like 2/22/22 have been too fascinating for over 2,000 years

Barry Markovsky, University of South Carolina This Feb. 22, the world hits an unprecedented milestone. It’s the date itself: 2/22/22. And this so-called “Twosday” falls on a Tuesday, no less. It’s true the number pattern stands out, impossible to miss. But does it mean anything? Judging by the thousands of commemorative products available for purchase […]

Posted inNews

Why $73 million Sandy Hook settlement is unlikely to unleash a flood of lawsuits against gun-makers

Timothy D. Lytton, Georgia State University Families of the victims of the 2012 shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School reached a historic US$73 million settlement with gun-maker Remington Arms. The Feb. 15, 2022, deal marks the first time a firearms manufacturer has settled a lawsuit brought by gun violence victims since Congress granted the industry […]

Posted inHistory

Has Captain Cook’s ship Endeavour been found? Debate rages, but here’s what’s usually involved in identifying a shipwreck

John McCarthy, Flinders University The Australian National Maritime Museum has announced a shipwreck found in Newport Harbour, off Rhode Island in the United States, has been confirmed as Captain Cook’s ship, HMB Endeavour. There have been very similar announcements made over the years but have they finally made a definitive case? By making its announcement, […]

Posted inWeather

How is snowfall measured? A meteorologist explains how volunteers tally up winter storms

Bill Syrett, Penn State The Blue Hill Observatory, a few miles south of Boston, recorded the deepest snow cover in its 130-year history, an incredible 46 inches, in February 2015. The same month, Bangor, Maine, tied its record for deepest snow at 53 inches. Mountainous locations will sometimes see triple-digit snow depths. Impressive numbers, for […]

Posted inNews

Hurricane Ida: 2 reasons for its record-shattering rainfall in NYC and the Northeast long after the winds weakened

Russ Schumacher, Colorado State University Record downpours from Hurricane Ida overwhelmed cities across the Northeast on Sept. 1, 2021, hitting some with more than 3 inches of rain an hour. Water poured into subway stations in New York City, and streets flooded up to the rooftops of cars in Philadelphia. The storm had already wreaked […]

Posted inCOVID-19

What does full FDA approval of a vaccine do if it’s already authorized for emergency use?

Jennifer Girotto, University of Connecticut Thirty percent of unvaccinated American adults say they’re waiting for the COVID-19 vaccines currently authorized for emergency use to be officially approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The FDA has since granted that approval for those age 16 and older for the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine on Aug. 23, 2021. […]

Posted inNews

How Rolling Stones drummer Charlie Watts infused one of the greatest rock ‘n’ roll bands with a little jazz

Victor Coelho, Boston University In an era when rock drummers were larger-than-life showmen with big kits and egos to match, Charlie Watts remained the quiet man behind a modest drum set. But Watts wasn’t your typical rock drummer. Part of the Rolling Stones setup from 1963 until his death on Aug. 24, 2021, Watts provided […]

Posted inCOVID-19

COVID-19 recession: One of America’s deepest downturns was also its shortest after bailout-driven bounceback

Jay L. Zagorsky, Boston University Thanks to a roaring economy, plunging joblessness and a consumer spending spree, it probably won’t come as a surprise that the COVID-19 recession is officially over. We didn’t know this, formally, however, until July 19, 2021, when a group of America’s top economists determined that the pandemic recession ended two […]

Posted inCOVID-19

Benjamin Franklin’s fight against a deadly virus: Colonial America was divided over smallpox inoculation, but he championed science to skeptics

Mark Canada, Indiana University Kokomo and Christian Chauret, Indiana University Kokomo Exactly 300 years ago, in 1721, Benjamin Franklin and his fellow American colonists faced a deadly smallpox outbreak. Their varying responses constitute an eerily prescient object lesson for today’s world, similarly devastated by a virus and divided over vaccination three centuries later. As a […]

Posted inNews

Atlantic hurricane season starts June 1 – here’s what forecasters are watching right now

Kristopher Karnauskas, University of Colorado Boulder As summer in the Northern Hemisphere approaches, forecasters begin watching every bout of rainy weather between the Gulf of Mexico and Africa. Each counterclockwise swirl of wind or burst of puffy clouds there has the potential to organize into a life-threatening tropical storm. About half of the tropical storms […]

Posted inCity & Government

How America’s partisan divide over pandemic responses played out in the states

Julie VanDusky-Allen, Boise State University and Olga Shvetsova, Binghamton University, State University of New York Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, a partisan divide has existed over the appropriate government response to the public health crisis. Democrats have been more likely to favor stricter policies such as prolonged economic shutdowns, limits on gathering in groups and mask […]

Posted inNews

US approves its first big offshore wind farm, near Martha’s Vineyard – it’s a breakthrough for the industry

Erin Baker, University of Massachusetts Amherst and Matthew Lackner, University of Massachusetts Amherst The United States’ offshore wind industry is tiny, with just seven wind turbines operating off Rhode Island and Virginia. The few attempts to build large-scale wind farms like Europe’s have run into long delays, but that may be about to change. On […]

Posted inNews

Police academies dedicate 3.21% of training hours to ethics and other public service topics – new research

Galia Cohen, Tarleton State University Police academies provide little training in the kinds of skills necessary to meet officers’ growing public service role, according to my research. Highly publicized cases of police violence – such as the 2020 murder of George Floyd in Minneapolis and 2014 shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri – often […]

Posted inNews

The US just set ambitious offshore wind power targets – what will it take to meet them?

Erin Baker, University of Massachusetts Amherst and Matthew Lackner, University of Massachusetts Amherst The United States’ offshore wind industry is tiny, with just seven wind turbines operating off Rhode Island and Virginia. The few attempts to build large-scale wind farms like Europe’s have run into long delays, but that may be about to change. The […]

Posted inNews

January warm spells, March freezes: How plants manage the shift from winter to spring

Richard B. Primack, Boston University Weather patterns across the U.S. have felt like a roller coaster ride for the past several months. December and January were significantly warmer than average in many locations, followed by February’s intense cold wave and a dramatic warmup. If you’ve ever seen lilac bushes crushed by snowdrifts, then budding on […]

Posted inArts & Culture

How holiday cards help us cope with a not-so-merry year, according to a professor of comedy

Matthew McMahan, Emerson College The first Christmas card was, perhaps predictably, one of good cheer. The concept is commonly credited to Sir Henry Cole, the founder of the Victoria and Albert Museum in London. To spare himself the stress of responding to the all-too-many Christmas letters he received from friends, Cole commissioned an artist to […]

Posted inNews

In ‘The Queen’s Gambit’ and beyond, chess holds up a mirror to life

Story by Jenny Adams, University of Massachusetts Amherst In the closing sequence of “The Queen’s Gambit,” the chess-playing heroine, Beth Harmon, defeats her archrival Vasily Borgov at the Moscow Invitational. The next day she impulsively skips her flight home to join a group of adoring chess players in what appears to be Moscow’s famous Sokolniki Park. […]

Posted inArts & Culture

Cicely was young, Black and enslaved – her death during an epidemic in 1714 has lessons that resonate in today’s pandemic

Nicole S Maskiell, University of South Carolina What I believe to be the oldest surviving gravestone for a Black person in the Americas memorializes an enslaved teenager named Cicely. Cicely’s body is interred across from Harvard’s Johnston Gate in Cambridge, Massachusetts. She died in 1714 during a measles epidemic brought to the college by a […]

Posted inNews

As CDC warns against Thanksgiving travel, here are a dozen more things you can do to help stop COVID-19

Pamela M. Aaltonen, Purdue University As Americans prepare for the first Thanksgiving in the time of the coronavirus, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a stark warning a week before the big day: Don’t travel. No over the river and through the woods to grandmother’s condo. No flying to a beach gathering with […]

Posted inNews

How mRNA vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna work, why they’re a breakthrough and why they need to be kept so cold

Sanjay Mishra, Vanderbilt University As the weather cools, the number of infections of the COVID-19 pandemic are rising sharply. Hamstrung by pandemic fatigue, economic constraints and political discord, public health officials have struggled to control the surging pandemic. But now, a rush of interim analyses from pharmaceutical companies Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech have spurred optimism that […]

Posted inNews

Nearly two-thirds of older Black Americans can’t afford to live alone without help – and it’s even tougher for Latinos

Jan Mutchler, University of Massachusetts Boston Older Americans who want to live independently face serious economic challenges. Half who live alone don’t have enough income to afford even a bare-bones budget in their home communities, and nearly 1 in 4 couples face the same problem. Those numbers add up to at least 11 million older […]

Posted inNews

The 2020 Atlantic hurricane season is so intense, it just ran out of storm names – and then two more storms formed

Kimberly Wood, Mississippi State University Here’s how active this year’s Atlantic hurricane season has been: When Tropical Storm Wilfred formed on Sept. 18, the National Hurricane Center exhausted its list of storm names for only the second time since naming began in 1950. Within hours, two more storm had formed – now known as Alpha […]

Posted inNews, People & Profiles

Ruth Bader Ginsburg helped shape the modern era of women’s rights – even before she went on the Supreme Court

Jonathan Entin, Case Western Reserve University Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg died on Friday, the Supreme Court announced. Chief Justice John Roberts said in a statement that “Our nation has lost a jurist of historic stature.” Even before her appointment, she had reshaped American law. When he nominated Ginsburg to the Supreme Court, President Bill Clinton […]

Posted inNews

COVID-19 vaccines: Open source licensing could keep Big Pharma from making huge profits off taxpayer-funded research

Charles M Schweik, University of Massachusetts Amherst and Timothy Ford, University of Massachusetts Lowell An international, multi-billion-dollar race is underway to develop a COVID-19 vaccine, and progress is moving at record speed, but with nationalistic, competitive undertones. If and when an effective vaccine is invented, its production will require an unprecedented effort to vaccinate people […]

Posted inNews

Keeping coronavirus vaccines at subzero temperatures during distribution will be hard, but likely key to ending pandemic

Anna Nagurney, University of Massachusetts Amherst Just like a fresh piece of fish, vaccines are highly perishable products and must be kept at very cold, specific temperatures. The majority of COVID-19 vaccines under development – like the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines – are new RNA-based vaccines. If they get too warm or too cold they […]

Posted inCity & Government, News

Who formally declares the winner of the U.S. presidential election?

Amy Dacey, American University With the U.S. presidential election rapidly approaching at a time of extraordinary political and social disruption, the possibility of an unclear or contested result is coming under scrutiny. Unlike many other countries, where the president or prime minister is chosen by direct popular vote, in the U.S., a candidate may win […]

Posted inNews

Kids are bigger coronavirus spreaders than many doctors realized – here’s how schools can lower the risk

Phyllis Sharps and Lucine Francis The first U.S. schools have reopened with in-person classes, and they are already setting off alarm bells about how quickly the coronavirus can spread. Georgia’s Cherokee County School District, north of Atlanta, had over 100 confirmed COVID-19 cases by the end of its second week of classes, and more than […]

Posted inNews

A rush is on to mine the deep seabed, with effects on ocean life that aren’t well understood

Elizabeth M. De Santo, Franklin & Marshall College; Elizabeth Mendenhall, University of Rhode Island, and Elizabeth Nyman, Texas A&M University Mining the ocean floor for submerged minerals is a little-known, experimental industry. But soon it will take place on the deep seabed, which belongs to everyone, according to international law. Seabed mining for valuable materials […]

Posted inNews

Stella Immanuel’s theories about the relationship between demons, illness and sex have a long history

Brandon W. Hawk, Rhode Island College President Donald Trump has a new favorite doctor. On July 27, the president and his son Donald Trump, Jr. tweeted a viral video featuring Dr. Stella Immanuel, in which the Houston pediatrician rejected the effectiveness of wearing face masks for preventing the spread of COVID-19 and promoted hydroxychloroquine to […]

Posted inNews

This simple model shows the importance of wearing masks and social distancing

Jeyaraj Vadiveloo, University of Connecticut The Research Brief is a short take about interesting academic work. With the advent of an infectious disease outbreak, epidemiologists and public health officials quickly try to forecast deaths and infections using complex computer models. But with a brand new virus like the one that causes COVID-19, these estimates are […]

Posted inNews

Conservation could create jobs post-pandemic

Heidi Peltier, Boston University Earlier this month, President Trump signed an executive order making it easier for pipeline projects and other oil and gas development to progress, claiming environmental regulations cause economic burdens and cost jobs. A more effective way to stimulate the economy and protect the environment, my work suggests, is to pass legislation […]

Posted inNews

States are making it harder to sue nursing homes over the coronavirus, and that’s a bad idea

Tara Sklar, University of Arizona and Nicolas Paul Terry, IUPUI The coronavirus has devastated nursing homes across the country, killing tens of thousands of vulnerable older Americans. Nursing homes did not cause the pandemic, but poor infection control, inadequate staffing and sluggish mitigation allowed the virus to spread. Rather than hold these facilities accountable, however, […]

Posted inNews

Low-wage essential workers get less protection against coronavirus – and less information about how it spreads

Jasmine Kerrissey, University of Massachusetts Amherst and Clare Hammonds, University of Massachusetts Amherst Low-wage essential workers are more likely to face dangerous working conditions and food insecurity than high-wage workers, even more so during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our research provides some of the first data on the safety of essential workers during the pandemic. Our […]

Posted inArts & Culture, Columns

George Floyd’s death reflects the racist roots of American policing

Connie Hassett-Walker, Norwich University Outrage over racial profiling and the killing of African Americans by police officers and vigilantes has recently resurfaced following the death of George Floyd on May 25. Video footage a bystander took of Floyd’s death while a now-former police officer pressed his knee into the man’s neck quickly went viral. But […]

Posted inEnvironment & Health, News

How the Lyme disease epidemic is spreading and why ticks are so hard to stop

Durland Fish, Yale University In the 1970s, an epidemic of mysterious arthritis-like symptoms began spreading among children in the lushly wooded area around Lyme, Connecticut. Scientists traced the cause to tick bites and named it Lyme disease, but why it had suddenly appeared there was a mystery. Similar symptoms had been documented on Long Island, […]

Posted inNews

Nurses on the front lines: A history of heroism from Florence Nightingale to coronavirus

Leslie Neal-Boylan, University of Massachusetts Lowell Nurses are heroes of the COVID-19 crisis. May 12 is International Nurses Day, which commemorates the birthday of Florence Nightingale, the first “professional nurse.” The World Health Organization also named this year the “Year of the Nurse” in honor of Nightingale’s 200th birthday. To nurses everywhere, this day and […]

Posted inArts & Culture, News

How Apple and Google will let your phone warn you if you’ve been exposed to the coronavirus

Johannes Becker, Boston University and David Starobinski, Boston University On April 10, Apple and Google announced a coronavirus exposure notification system that will be built into their smartphone operating systems, iOS and Android. The system uses the ubiquitous Bluetooth short-range wireless communication technology. There are dozens of apps being developed around the world that alert […]

Posted inBusiness, News

Why there isn’t a one-size-fits-all plan for states to reopen their economies

Hilary Godwin, University of Washington Editor’s Note: How and when states reopen their economies will look different from one state to the next state depending, in part, on where that state is in the trajectory of its coronavirus illnesses. In this Q&A, Hilary Godwin, dean of the University of Washington School of Public Health, explains […]

Posted inArts & Culture

Why Ramadan is called Ramadan: 6 questions answered

Why Ramadan is called Ramadan: 6 questions answered Mohammad Hassan Khalil, Michigan State University Editor’s note: Mohammad Hassan Khalil, associate professor of religious studies and director of the Muslim Studies Program at Michigan State University, answers six questions about the significance of the Muslim month of fasting. 1. Why is Ramadan called Ramadan? Ramadan is […]

Posted inCity & Government, News

Cracks in COVID-19 treatment reveal need to bolster primary care

Tuba Agartan, Providence College Every day the COVID-19 crisis reveals just how unprepared the U.S. health care system was. But it’s not only the shortage of masks, tests and ventilators, nor our chaotic and contradictory public health response, evident across every level of government. COVID-19 has also brought into sharp relief how fragmented and disorganized […]

Posted inNews

Making masks at home – what you need to know about how to reduce the transmission of coronavirus

Susan L. Sokolowski, University of Oregon and Karen L. LaBat, University of Minnesota The recent Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendation to use cloth face coverings to help slow the spread of COVID-19 has generated numerous how-to articles and videos. As academics who focus on personal protective equipment (PPE) research and development, we are […]

Posted inNews

Lack of data makes predicting COVID-19’s spread difficult but models are still vital

Lester Caudill, University of Richmond Editor’s note: The question everyone in the world wants answered is how far the new coronavirus will spread and when the pandemic will begin to ebb. To know that, epidemiologists, public health authorities and policymakers rely on models. Models are not meant to predict the future perfectly – yet they’re […]

Posted inNews

Income inequality is getting worse in US urban areas

Brian Thiede, Pennsylvania State University; David L. Brown, Cornell University; Jaclyn Butler, Pennsylvania State University, and Leif Jensen, Pennsylvania State University Income inequality has increased dramatically in the United States over recent decades, surpassing its previous peak in the 1920s. In 2016, the average income among the bottom 24.9 million households was US$21,000. Meanwhile, the […]

Posted inBusiness

What is the SBA? An unheralded agency faces the unprecedented task of saving America’s small businesses

Caroline Bruckner, American University Kogod School of Business The coronavirus pandemic is devastating small businesses across the U.S. because of shelter-in-place orders that have forced millions to temporarily close. So far, Congress has devoted more than US$375 billion to helping restaurants, retailers and other small companies endure the crisis, and lawmakers are currently discussing spending […]

Posted inBusiness

The unintended consequences of marijuana decriminalization

Nikolay Anguelov, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth America’s decades-long war on drugs disproportionately harmed minorities. Now, it seems that decriminalization of marijuana hasn’t leveled the playing field. Black men are 12 times more likely than white men to spend time incarcerated in the United States. College enrollment for black men has declined since the 1986 Anti-Drug […]

Posted inNews

Visualizing the virus

Colette Gaiter, University of Delaware As a professor of visual communications, I can’t help but notice all the images of COVID-19 that have been circulating. You’ve probably seen some version of it: a ball with distinctive spikes that vary in style – from triangular bursts to rounded knobs. It’s become both an icon – a […]

Posted inNews

What does ‘recovered from coronavirus’ mean? 4 questions answered about how some survive and what happens next

Tom Duszynski, IUPUI The coronavirus is certainly scary, but despite the constant reporting on total cases and a climbing death toll, the reality is that the vast majority of people who come down with COVID-19 survive it. Just as the number of cases grows, so does another number: those who have recovered. In mid-March, the […]

Posted inEnvironment & Health, News

Coronavirus cases are growing exponentially – here’s what that means

Andrew D. Hwang, College of the Holy Cross In the U.S., scientists stress that the number of coronavirus cases has been growing exponentially. In ordinary speech, the term “exponential” usually means “really fast.” To mathematicians like myself, and to scientists and public health officials, the term has a precise and subtly different meaning: A quantity […]

Posted inArts & Culture, News

Feeling overwhelmed? Approach coronavirus as a challenge to be met, not a threat to be feared

Bethany Teachman, University of Virginia You have a choice to make when it comes to the coronavirus pandemic. Do you treat this time as an insurmountable threat that pits you against everyone else? This option entails making decisions based solely on protecting yourself and your loved ones: stockpiling supplies regardless of what that leaves for […]

Posted inCity & Government, News

Video: Why social distancing is one of the best tools we have to fight the coronavirus

The Conversation US, CC BY Anurag Papolu, The Conversation This video is based on an article written by Thomas Perls, professor of Medicine at Boston University. Social distancing is a tool public health officials recommend to slow the spread of a disease that is being passed from person to person. Simply put, it means that […]

Posted inEnvironment & Health

Reaching out to isolated older adults is essential during coronavirus – here are 7 specific things you can do, just for starters

Basia Belza, University of Washington; Anita Souza, University of Washington, and Tatiana Sadak, University of Washington Older adults always need social connection, but they need it now more than ever. The novel coronavirus brings with it unprecedented fear and uncertainty. Vulnerable seniors need help. With face-to-face encounters discouraged, our society must develop creative strategies to […]

Posted inCity & Government

Calling COVID-19 a ‘Chinese virus’ is wrong and dangerous – the pandemic is global

Mari Webel, University of Pittsburgh The COVID-19 pandemic has spread to almost every country on Earth. And yet, several American officials refer to it as the “Wuhan virus” or even the “Chinese virus.” U.S.-Chinese antagonism in this vein is not new. But, while this deliberate move to associate Wuhan, and more generally China, with the […]

Posted inBusiness, News

Why defeating coronavirus in one country isn’t enough – there needs to be a coordinated global strategy

Nader Habibi, Brandeis University Policymakers in countries where there are severe outbreaks of COVID-19 are doing what they can to slow the spread and “flatten the curve.” But so far, there hasn’t been much global coordination, raising the risk of a second wave of contamination even after individual countries halt the virus’ advance. That’s the […]

Posted inNews

With schools everywhere suspended, an education expert answers 4 questions about the upheaval

Jon Pedersen, University of South Carolina Most of the school systems that shut their doors due to the COVID-19 outbreak initially said these closures would be temporary. But health authorities warn that Americans may need to keep up their social distancing for months. Jon Pedersen, dean of the University of South Carolina College of Education, […]

Posted inEnvironment & Health

‘My first question every time I see a new patient now is: Could this be COVID-19?’ A Seattle doctor on the frontlines

Nicholas Johnson, University of Washington The Conversation is running a series of dispatches from clinicians and researchers operating on the frontlines of the coronavirus pandemic. Inside, as usual, patient beds are near capacity, and the emergency department is filled with not only the usual mix of patients with trauma, stroke, chest pain and other concerns, […]

Posted inArts & Culture, Environment & Health

What coronavirus symptoms should I look for, and when do I call the doctor? A doctor answers 4 questions

William Petri, University of Virginia As the nation adjusts to the threat of COVID-19, the illness caused by the coronavirus, it’s only natural to worry whether a cough or aches and pains could be signs you have become infected by the virus. Dr. William Petri, a professor of medicine and immunologist at the University of […]

Posted inArts & Culture

How to maintain physical and mental health during coronavirus

Nita Bharti, Pennsylvania State University Millions are asking for clear, comprehensive information and guidelines regarding the novel coronavirus. Unfortunately, the U.S. public hasn’t received factual information or future direction from the federal government. Instead, the government has underreported cases and local transmission rates due to a lack of testing kits. But during a crisis, leadership […]

Posted inNews

Social distancing comes with social side effects – here’s how to stay connected

Jonathan Kanter, University of Washington and Adam Kuczynski, University of Washington To fight the spread of coronavirus, government officials have asked Americans to swallow a hard pill: Stay away from each other. In times of societal stress, such a demand runs counter to what evolution has hard-wired people to do: Seek out and support each […]

Posted inCity & Government

Coronavirus control measures aren’t pointless – just slowing down the pandemic could save millions of lives

Matthew McQueen, University of Colorado Boulder Anywhere from 20% to 60% of the adults around the world may be infected with the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes the disease COVID-19. That’s the estimate from leading epidemiological experts on communicable disease dynamics. Even the best-case scenario using those numbers means nearly 40,000,000 adults will […]

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